www.LinuxHowtos.org

DOVEAD-WHO

Section: Dovecot (1)
Updated: February 2026
Index Return to Main Contents

NAME

dovead-who- Show who is logged into the Dovecot server

SYNOPSIS

doveadm [lB]GLOBAL OPTIONS[rB] who [lB]-1[rB] [lB]-f passdb_field[rB] [lB]-a anvil_socket_path[rB] [lB]user_mask[rB] [lB]ip [lB]/ bits[rB][rB]

DESCRIPTION

The who command is used to show which users from which hosts are currently connected to which service.

GLOBAL OPTIONS

Global doveadm(1) -D

: Enables verbosity and debug messages.

-O

: Do not read any config file, just use defaults. The dovecot_storage_version setting defaults to the latest version, but can be overridden with

-k

: Preserve entire environment for doveadm, not just import_environment setting.

-v

: Enables verbosity, including progress counter.

-i instanc-name

: If using multiple Dovecot instances, choose the config file based on this instance name. See instance_name setting for more information.

-c confi-file

: Read configuration from the given confi-file. By default it first reads config socket, and then falls back to /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf. You can also point this to config socket of some instance running compatible version.

-o setting=value

: Overrides the configuration setting from /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf and from the userdb with the given value. In order to override multiple settings, the -o option may be specified multiple times.

-f formatter

Specifies the formatter for formatting the output. Supported formatters are: flow

: prints each line with key=value pairs.

json

: prints a JSON array of JSON objects.

pager

: prints each key: value pair on its own line and separates records with form feed character (^L).

tab

: prints a table header followed by tab separated value lines.

table

: prints a table header followed by adjusted value lines.

This command uses by default the output formatter table.

OPTIONS

-1

: Print one line per user and connection. Otherwise the connections are grouped by the username.

-a anvil_socket_path

: This option is used to specify an alternative socket. The option's argument is either an absolute path to a local UNIX domain socket, or a hostname and port (hostname:port), in order to connect a remote host via a TCP socket. By default doveadm(1) will use the socket

-f passdb_field

: Alternative username field to use for querying, as returned by passdb. Only the passdb fields beginning with the user_ prefix are tracked.

ARGUMENTS

ip [lB]/ bits[rB]

: Specify an ip address or network range, in CIDR notation, to reduce the result to matching connections.

user_mask

: List only users whose login name matches the user_mask, or the alternative username (user_* field) if the -f parameter is used. It's also possible to use wildcards in the user name.

EXAMPLE

Show authenticated sessions, filtered by the client's IP address:

doveadm who ::1

username                       # proto (pids)        (ips)
jane                           2 imap  (30155 30412) (::1)

$ doveadm who 192.0.2.0/24
username                        # proto (pids)  (ips)
john@example.com                1 imap  (30257) (192.0.2.34)

Show authenticated sessions, filtered by username:

doveadm who pvo

username         # proto (pids)                    (ips)
pvo              1 sieve (30343)                   (fd95:4eed:38ba::25)
pvo              4 imap  (25693 25686 25679 25669) (fd95:4eed:38ba::25)

$ doveadm who ja[rs]*
username                    # proto (pids)        (ips)
james                       1 imap  (30091)       (127.0.0.1)
jane                        2 imap  (30155 30412) (::1)

REPORTING BUGS

Report bugs, including doveconf-n output, to the Dovecot Mailing List ladovecot@dovecot.orgra. Information about reporting bugs is available at: https://dovecot.org/bugreport.html