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fnmatch
Section: C Library Functions (3) Updated: 202-0-08 Index
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NAME
fnmatch - match filename or pathname
LIBRARY
Standard C library
( libc,~ -lc)
SYNOPSIS
#include <fnmatch.h>
int fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);
DESCRIPTION
The
fnmatch()
function checks whether the
string
argument matches the
pattern
argument, which is a shell wildcard pattern (see
glob(7)).
The
flags
argument modifies the behavior;
it is the bitwise OR of zero or more
of the following flags:
- FNM_NOESCAPE
-
If this flag is set, treat backslash as an ordinary character,
instead of an escape character.
- FNM_PATHNAME
-
If this flag is set, match a slash in
string
only with a slash in
pattern
and not by an asterisk (*) or a question mark (?) metacharacter,
nor by a bracket expression ([]) containing a slash.
- FNM_PERIOD
-
If this flag is set, a leading period in
string
has to be matched exactly by a period in
pattern.
A period is considered to be leading if it is the first character in
string,
or if both
FNM_PATHNAME
is set and the period immediately follows a slash.
- FNM_FILE_NAME
-
This is a GNU synonym for
FNM_PATHNAME.
- FNM_LEADING_DIR
-
If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is considered to be
matched if it matches an initial segment of
string
which is followed by a slash.
This flag is mainly for the internal
use of glibc and is implemented only in certain cases.
- FNM_CASEFOLD
-
FNM_IGNORECASE (same as FNM_CASEFOLD)
If this flag is set, the pattern is matched
cas-insensitively.
- FNM_EXTMATCH
-
If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, extended patterns are
supported, as introduced by 'ksh' and now supported by other shells.
The extended format is as follows, with
pattern-list
being a '|' separated list of patterns.
- '?(pattern-list)'
-
The pattern matches if zero or one occurrences of any of the
patterns in the
pattern-list
match the input
string.
- '*(pattern-list)'
-
The pattern matches if zero or more occurrences of any of the
patterns in the
pattern-list
match the input
string.
- '+(pattern-list)'
-
The pattern matches if one or more occurrences of any of the
patterns in the
pattern-list
match the input
string.
- '@(pattern-list)'
-
The pattern matches if exactly one occurrence of any of the
patterns in the
pattern-list
match the input
string.
- '!(pattern-list)'
-
The pattern matches if the input
string
cannot be matched with
any of the patterns in the
pattern-list.
RETURN VALUE
Zero if
string
matches
pattern,
FNM_NOMATCH
if there is no match or another nonzero value if there is an error.
ATTRIBUTES
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
attributes(7).
| Interface | Attribute | Value
|
|
fnmatch()
| Thread safety | M-Safe env locale
|
STANDARDS
- fnmatch()
-
POSIX.-2008.
- FNM_CASEFOLD
-
FNM_IGNORECASE
POSIX.-2024.
- FNM_FILE_NAME
-
FNM_LEADING_DIR
GNU.
HISTORY
- fnmatch()
-
POSIX.-2001, POSIX.2.
- FNM_CASEFOLD
-
has been available on many systems even before POSIX.-2024.
SEE ALSO
sh(1),
glob(3),
scandir(3),
wordexp(3),
glob(7)
Index
- NAME
-
- LIBRARY
-
- SYNOPSIS
-
- DESCRIPTION
-
- RETURN VALUE
-
- ATTRIBUTES
-
- STANDARDS
-
- HISTORY
-
- SEE ALSO
-
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